State pollution of rivers and other surface water reservoirs in Ukraine is under the regular control of the State. This control is carried out by the Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Health, other governmental departments and agencies. In Ukraine developed an extensive regulatory documentation, which determine the procedures waters monitoring and methods of measurement. Monitoring of water quality include the following mandatory chemical parameters as pH, the presence of ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, content of acid residues as nitrites, nitrates, chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, oxygen content, chemical, and biological oxygen demand, phenols, surfactants. The control of organic components, such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals and others, conducted in areas where there is a threat of such pollution. Chromatographic methods primarily used in this case. Assessment of surface water pollution is carried by a combined index - an index of pollution IWP, which is calculated by the formula : IWP = ∑(C / MAC)/n
C – actual concentration
MAC - Maximum allowable concentration
n – number of indications
By this indicator are set 5 levels of contamination: allowable, reasonable; increased; high; very high. Most of the surface waters in Ukraine have a reasonable level of pollution. A high and very high levels of surface waters pollution is determined in the south and east of Ukraine. This is due to the presence in these areas, the mining industry and intensive agriculture. In the western regions of Ukraine, in particular in the Transcarpathian region the level of surface waters contamination is allowable. These areas belong to the recreational areas and the number of enterprises which pollute the environment on this territory is insignificant.
Acknowledgements: This work has been performed in the frame of NATO Science for Peace 984440 Project.
Presenting author:
Mоdеst Gertsiuk
Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Authors:
Mоdеst Gertsiuk - Dr
Georgiy Lysychenko - Dr
